Open abdominal surgery

Before undergoing open abdominal surgery, patients are evaluated through physical examination and diagnostic tests such as blood tests, CT scans, ultrasound, and X-rays. These tests help determine the exact condition and surgical plan. Doctors review the patient’s medical history, including previous surgeries, medications, and underlying health conditions. Patients are advised to fast for several hours before surgery and may need to stop or adjust certain medications. Preoperative preparation may include antibiotics and intravenous fluids to reduce the risk of infection and stabilize the patient.

On the day of surgery, the patient is given general anaesthesia to ensure they are unconscious and pain-free. The surgeon makes a large incision in the abdomen, usually along the midline, to access the internal organs. Depending on the condition, the surgeon performs the necessary procedure, such as removing diseased tissue, repairing organs, or stopping internal bleeding. Once the surgical objective is achieved, the incision is carefully closed using sutures or staples. The procedure can take several hours, depending on the complexity and type of surgery being performed.

After surgery, patients are monitored in the ICU or recovery unit for stabilization. Pain management is a key aspect of recovery due to the larger incision. Patients may initially receive nutrition and fluids through intravenous lines until normal bowel function returns. Gradual mobilization and breathing exercises are encouraged to prevent complications such as infections or blood clots. The hospital stay typically ranges from 5 to 10 days, depending on recovery progress. Follow-up care includes wound management, dietary guidance, and regular check-ups to ensure proper healing.