Bowel obstruction surgery

Before undergoing bowel obstruction surgery, patients are assessed through imaging tests such as CT scans, X-rays, and blood tests to determine the location and cause of the blockage. In some cases, initial treatment may include fluids, nasogastric tube decompression, and medications to stabilize the patient before surgery. Doctors review the patient’s medical history, including previous abdominal surgeries, which are a common cause of adhesions. Patients are advised to avoid eating or drinking before surgery and may receive intravenous fluids and antibiotics to prepare for the procedure.

On the day of surgery, the patient is given general anesthesia and placed on a ventilator. The surgeon makes an incision in the abdomen (open surgery) or uses small incisions in laparoscopic surgery, depending on the condition. The blocked section of the intestine is identified and treated. This may involve removing the obstruction, cutting and reconnecting the intestine, or relieving twisting or pressure. If the bowel is severely damaged, the affected segment may be removed, and a stoma may be created temporarily or permanently. Once the obstruction is resolved, the abdomen is closed, and the patient is transferred to recovery.

After surgery, patients are monitored in the ICU or recovery unit for stabilization. Initially, patients may not be able to eat and will receive fluids through an IV. Gradually, a liquid diet is introduced as bowel function returns. Pain management, infection prevention, and monitoring for complications are essential parts of recovery. Patients are encouraged to move early to prevent blood clots and improve recovery. The hospital stay typically ranges from 5 to 10 days. Follow-up care is important to monitor healing and ensure normal bowel function.